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Caustic (optics)
In optics, a caustic or caustic network 〔Lynch DK and Livingston W (2001). Color and Light in Nature. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-77504-5. Chapter 3.16 The caustic network, (Google books preview )〕 is the envelope of light rays reflected or refracted by a curved surface or object, or the projection of that envelope of rays on another surface. The caustic is a curve or surface to which each of the light rays is tangent, defining a boundary of an envelope of rays as a curve of concentrated light. Therefore in the image to the right, the caustics can be the patches of light or their bright edges. These shapes often have cusp singularities.
==Explanation==
Concentration of light, especially sunlight, can burn. The word ''caustic'', in fact, comes from the Greek καυστός, burnt, via the Latin ''causticus'', burning. A common situation where caustics are visible is when light shines on a drinking glass. The glass casts a shadow, but also produces a curved region of bright light. In ideal circumstances (including perfectly parallel rays, as if from a point source at infinity), a nephroid-shaped patch of light can be produced.〔(Circle Catacaustic ). Wolfram MathWorld. Retrieved 2009-07-17.〕 Rippling caustics are commonly formed when light shines through waves on a body of water.
Another familiar caustic is the rainbow.〔(Rainbow caustics )〕〔(Caustic fringes )〕 Scattering of light by raindrops causes different wavelengths of light to be refracted into arcs of differing radius, producing the bow.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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